Newspapers

Tabloids
The sun
(Daily Mail)
(Metro)
The Mirror
Daily Star
The express


Broadsheets
Financial times
The guardian
The telegraph
The independent
Evening standard


The Independent
The last edition of the independent was published on Saturday 26th march 2016, leaving only its digital edition.

Marketing and distribution

The sun distributes themselves through physical copies whereas the independent distributes themselves through digital copies. The independent have an app that they use in order for people to access the stories.

Image takes up all the front cover which is a denotation to the independent which has a smaller image on the front surrounded by words. The sun also uses a pun on the front cover 'and of hope and glory' Referring to andy Murray winning Wimbledon but contorting it with land of hope and glory. However if this was on the independent they would use 'murray wins Wimbledon' this shows the sun is trying to be more familiar with there audience and build up a relationship with them. The anchorage in the sun produces an informal mood which helps the audience relate to the journalist.

Anchorage- the way in which text is used to help pin down the mood or meaning

Newspaper audiences

The independents readership is men aged 35+ from NRS social grades ABC1. There are 96,000 more male readers on a daily bases than female readers and 48,000 more readers aged 35+ then aged 15-34. The split between the NRS social grades from ABC1 AND C2DE there are 211,000 readers from ABC1 grades and 59,000 from grades C2DE, This means there are 152000 more people from grades ABC1 than C2DE.

The circulation of the daily mirror peaked in the year 1966 from that point on it started to rapidly decline. 
As seen from 1966 to 1975 it declined about 1.2 million in circulation or the readership in only 11 years and has continued to decline and at this point in 2015 
its circulation is 1 million which means from when it peaked in 1966 it dropped nearly 4.2 million.


PAMco- The Publishers Audience Measurement Company, is the governing body which oversees audience measurements for the published media media industry

Regulatory Bodies

Independent Press Standard Authority

Introduced in 2014 replaced the press complaints commission (PCC)

They regulate the content of all press (newspapers) and magazine copies

Editor’s code of practice

Covers the following:

1.     Accuracy

2.     Privacy

3.     Harassment

4.     Intrusion grief or shock

5.     Reporting suicide

6.     Children in sex cases

7.     Hospitals

8.     Children

9.     Reporting crime

10. Clandestine devices and subterfuge

11. Victims of sexual assault

12. Discrimination

13. Financial Journalism

14. Confidential Sources

15. Witness payments in criminal trials

16. Payment to criminals

Decoding papers

Stuart Hall: Preferred/Negotiated/Oppositional

Preferred Reading – This is when audiences respond to the product the way media producer’s want/expect them to.

Negotiated Reading – This is when a member of the audience partly agrees with part of the product. E.g. Film, documentary, TV programme.

Oppositional Reading – This is when the audience in complete disagreement with the product’s message or setting.